Tuesday, August 16, 2016

careers in Biology after class XII

CAREERES IN BIOLOGY
Prepared by Uma Mudgal, 
Vice Principal CRPF Public School
 Rohini Delhi

1B. Sc/M.Sc. in  Agriculture.
It is Known to be the mainstay of Indian economy Agriculture includes Dairying, Poultry Farming and Horticulture apart from production of Fruits, Vegetables and food grains. In this field there are many options available like research and teaching.
2 Agricultural Eco and Farm management
3.   Agricultural Meteorology
4.   Agricultural Biotechnology
5.   Agricultural Statistics
6    Agronomy
7.   Agriculture Mktg and Business Management
8.   Bio-chem and Agricultural Chemistry
9.    Crop Physiology
10.  Entomology
11   Agriculture
 B. Sc/M.Sc. in Forensic Sciences
2.   Forensic Science
The field of Forensic science involves investigating of a crime with the help of applying scientific principles. 
1.      Life Science, Chemistry, Forensic Science
2.       Diploma in Criminology and Forensic Science for Police personnel
3.       Forensic Sciences
4.       Diploma in F/Sciences (Ballistics and Finger Prints) 
5.       Diploma in Forensic Science (Cyber Crimes) 
6.    Diploma in Forensic Science  (Computer Forensics)  
3.   B. Sc/M.Sc. Biotechnology
The field of Biotechnology is totally a combination of biology with modern technology, which produce result in alter cells to manipulate them as required. It helps scientists to develop treatments for various diseases and very helpful to humans and other living forms. Biotechnology used in a variety of fields like Environmental, Agricultural, Pharmaceutical, Energy and Chemical. 
1.       Biotechnology and Bio informatics
2.       B.E. in Biotechnology 
3.       B.Tech (Industrial Biotechnology)

4.   Geology
Geology is the study of earth and everything related to its structure, processes including study of organisms inhabited on earth.  Geology also comprises study of oceanography, hydrogeology, geostatistics. Interest and study in this field may get you the chance to work with the environmental consultant companies, non profit organisation, natural resources consultant and companies, Universities and government agencies and Geological survey of India. 

B.Sc. and M.Sc. in:

1.       Geology
2.       Environmental Geology
3.       Engineering Geology
4.    Geology (Ground water)
5.   Zoology
It deals with the study of living and extinct animals their evolution, structure, behavior, function and interaction with environment. Zoology is diverse and broad field which includes studies of mammals, insects, birds, amphibians, reptiles, fishes and a lot of other. One can become zoologist, lecturer, ornithologist and even wildlife expert after studying in this branch of science.

B. Sc, M.Sc. in:
1.       (Hons) in Zoology
2.       Aquaculture (Fishery Microbiology)
3.       Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology
4.       Zoology and Animal Biotechnology
5.     Food Technology

6. Food Technologist demand is growing day by day as rise in demand for packaged food and its long preservation due to many modern changes in food habits.  Food technology deals with the scientific understanding about foods we eat, what are the actual production process to make foods, packaged and preserved. A degree in this field can get one the job of Food Quality controller, Research Officer, Packaging manager and a lot of others jobs. 
Food Preservation and Processing
2.   Food Processing
3.   Food Processing and Technology
4.   Food Storage, Preservation and Food Tech.
5.   Food Technology (Bio-Chemical Engineering)
6.   Diploma in Fish Processing Technology
7.   Diploma in Sugar Technology


7.Microbiology
This field is study of living organisms which may be a cell cluster, single cell or may be no cell at all, these are invisible to naked eye such as fungi, bacteria and viruses. There are many types of different microbiology. But Medical microbiology is well known as it deals with the human illness. Other Microbiology includes food microbiology, environmental microbiology and veterinary microbiology. There are ample of career opportunities and jobs for Microbiologists in Pharmaceutical, Food, Research and development laboratories in hospital, Beverage and chemical industries, Research organisations, Agriculture and Health care research.
1.  Microbiology
2.   Hons in  Microbiology
3.   Clinical Microbiology
4.   Clinical Pathology
5.   Industrial Microbiology

8.     Biomedical Engineering or
Biotechnology Engineering. Engineering in the field of Biological Sciences is a relatively new and exciting interdisciplinary field.
Environmental Engineering and
Agricultural Engineering are also available in a selected few institutions. All B.Tech programs are 4 year courses unless you opt for Dual Degree programs in places like BITS, IIT, etc which are for 5 years.


Check out IITM's Biotech Department Webpage: Department of Biotechnology

9.  A Bachelor of Science degree if you are particular about wanting to pursue pure sciences. There are many B.Sc degree options in the field of Biological Sciences like, 

B.Sc in Biology, Microbiology, Genetics, Biotechnology, Zoology, Botany, etc. This program is for 3 years and is usually taken up with a M.Sc degree after that for 2 more years. It is highly research oriented (B.Tech is application / job oriented) and you should be prepared to spend your years in the field of scientific research.

10.  4 year BS Programme at IISc. If you really want to aim high in this field, this is what you should be aiming to get into. It is a newly introduced undergraduate programme at IISc and is created to be on par with the 4 year BS undergrad courses available in countries like the USA. The courses are structured in a similar fashion, and what more, you get to do your internships and research under some of the best professors and students in the field of pure sciences!

It is a highly competitive programme, check out their page: 4 year Undergraduate programme   

11.  A Bachelor of Pharmacy course. The Pharmaceutical industry is one of the richest industries in the world, with billions of dollars being spent on Drug Discovery, Toxicology, Delivery, and other R&D every year.

12.  IISERs also offer good options for studies in Biological Sciences. 
IISER Admission 2013


The term Science is actually used in a broad sense and it has two forms under its umbrella:
Pure Science and Applied Science.


For those who has a keen interest in Medical can opt for courses:
MBBS or Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. BDS (Bachelor of Dental surgery) and BAMS or Bachelor of Ayurveda medicine and surgery,

Physician, Optometrists, Dental Surgeon, Pharmacists, Nursing and a lots of others 
13. Biochemistry career opportunities can be virtually limitless: private research institutions, hospitals, government agencies, social and non-profit organisations all hunt for good biochemists. Their goals are usually similar – to research, experiment, conduct trials and find cures for diseases like cancer and AIDS and even mental disorders. Pharmaceuticals keep a sharp eye out for biochemistry professional. Private R&D jobs are among the most lucrative options for a newly minted biochemist.

So where does a newly minted biochemist go?

Medicine: the main bastion of this profession, medical biochemistry seeks to identify the causes of disease, understand their transference from one generation to the other, understand their effect on the body in chemical terms and try and isolate the indicators that signal impending disease. This requires tracking chemical changes through normal bodily functions like muscle contraction, respiration etc.
Agriculture: In many parts of the world, people are already facing a food shortage but biochemists are mitigating that damage by developing cultivation innovations, improving pest control and optimising crop storage. And this needs to be made even better. 

Nutrition:
 The thousands of different diet patterns in the human world are built on some near invariable essentials such as minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins. The biochemist’s job is to investigate their effect on the human body in cases of excess or scarcity of these essentials.
14. BIO SCIENCE
Bio-science is the branch of the sciences concerned with living organisms, from microorganisms to the trees and gigantic whales. It deals with the biological aspects of the living organisms.
INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY
Applied microbiology which deals with screening, improvement , management,and exploitation of microorganisms for the production of various useful end products on a large scale.
NEUROSCIENCE
It is the division of science which deals with the study of nervous system. Neuroscience involves various disciplines such as physics, psychology, computer science, philosophy and medicine. Neuroscience is also known as neuro -biology.
NOTE:  Check out pages at internet for further clarifications